Emergency power planning

Small Business Generator Size Calculator

Estimate the generator size your small business may need to keep critical loads running during an outage.

Running wattsStarting surgeCritical-load planFuel runtime estimate

Estimate generator size

Enter the equipment you must keep running. Use nameplate watts when available. Starting watts are important for motors and compressors.

Recommended generator size

What this calculator does

The Small Business Generator Size Calculator helps shop owners, restaurants, clinics, studios, offices, small warehouses, and service businesses build a practical outage plan. The question is not simply “what size generator do I need?” The better question is: which loads are critical, what are their running watts, and which devices create a starting surge?

A small business outage plan often prioritizes refrigeration, point-of-sale systems, internet, security, lighting, phone charging, critical computers, medical or shop equipment, and limited comfort cooling or ventilation. Trying to power everything can make the generator far larger and more expensive than necessary.

Safety note: generator installation, transfer switches, grounding, ventilation, carbon monoxide safety and code compliance require qualified professionals. Never run a fuel-powered generator indoors, in a garage, or near open windows.

Quick answers

Why starting watts matterMotors, compressors and pumps can draw much more power for a short time when starting.
Why use a safety margin?A margin helps cover measurement errors, future small loads and generator performance under real conditions.
What should I power first?Prioritize revenue-critical, safety-critical and spoilage-prevention equipment before comfort loads.

How to estimate generator size

Total running watts = sum of critical equipment running watts Largest surge adder = max(running watts × (starting multiplier - 1)) Peak starting watts = total running watts + largest surge adder Recommended watts = peak starting watts × (1 + safety margin)

This calculator assumes the largest motor starts while other critical loads are already running. In real installations, staged startup can reduce required generator size.

Load typePlanning note
Refrigerators and freezersUsually critical for food, medical, or inventory protection; check compressor surge.
POS and internetSmall wattage, but essential for sales, payments and communication.
LightingLED lighting can reduce generator load compared with older fixtures.
HVACOften one of the largest loads; decide whether it is truly critical during an outage.
Kitchen equipmentHeating appliances can be very power-hungry and may require a much larger generator.

How to build a critical-load plan

  • List everything you want to run during a power outage.
  • Mark each item as must-run, nice-to-have, or shut off.
  • Use nameplate watts or manufacturer specifications when possible.
  • Identify motors and compressors that need starting surge allowance.
  • Plan safe generator placement, extension rating, transfer switch, fuel storage and staffing procedures.
  • Test the plan before storm season or before the next known outage risk.

Example

A small shop may need refrigeration, POS, router, lighting and one computer. A restaurant may need refrigeration plus selected kitchen equipment, which can dramatically increase generator size. An office may need internet, servers, lights and a few workstations but not full HVAC.

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